Perianal hematoma

Perianal Hematoma is a medical condition characterized by the collection of blood in the perianal tissue. It is often caused by the rupture of a small vein that drains blood from the anus and rectum.

Causes

The primary cause of a perianal hematoma is straining, which can occur during heavy lifting or while passing hard stool. Other potential causes include pregnancy, constipation, and diarrhea.

Symptoms

The main symptom of a perianal hematoma is a painful, tender lump near the anus. Other symptoms can include discomfort while sitting, rectal bleeding, and itching around the anus.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a perianal hematoma is typically made through a physical examination. In some cases, a proctoscopy may be performed to rule out other conditions such as hemorrhoids or anal fissures.

Treatment

Treatment for a perianal hematoma can vary depending on the size and severity of the condition. Small hematomas may resolve on their own without treatment. Larger hematomas may require a simple surgical procedure to drain the blood. Pain relief can be achieved through over-the-counter painkillers, warm baths, and the application of a topical anesthetic cream.

Prognosis

The prognosis for a perianal hematoma is generally good. Most people recover fully with appropriate treatment. However, if left untreated, a perianal hematoma can lead to complications such as anemia due to blood loss, or abscess formation.

See Also

• Hemorrhoids
• Anal fissures
• Proctoscopy

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