ESAT-6

ESAT-6 (Early Secretory Antigenic Target, 6 kDa) is a protein that is secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is a major target of the immune system in the early stages of tuberculosis infection. It is a small, low molecular weight protein that is highly antigenic and is used in diagnostic tests for tuberculosis.

Function

ESAT-6 is secreted by the ESX-1 secretion system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is thought to play a role in the virulence of the bacteria, possibly by interfering with host immune responses. ESAT-6 is also thought to be involved in the formation of granulomas, which are a characteristic feature of tuberculosis infection.

Clinical significance

Because ESAT-6 is highly antigenic, it is used in diagnostic tests for tuberculosis, such as the ESAT-6/CFP-10 skin test and the T-SPOT.TB blood test. These tests measure the immune response to ESAT-6 and can help to identify individuals who have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

See also

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Tuberculosis
• Granuloma
• Immune system

References

ESAT-6 Resources
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