Flavin-adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Derivative of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) which is phosphorylated at the 3'-position of the ribose ring.

Coenzyme[edit | edit source]

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a coenzyme that is involved in many oxidation-reduction reactions in the body.

Riboflavin[edit | edit source]

It is formed from the B vitamin riboflavin (vitamin B2) and is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Flavoproteins[edit | edit source]

FAD is also an important component of enzymes called flavoproteins, which play a critical role in energy production in the cell's mitochondria.

Electron carrier[edit | edit source]

Additionally, FAD functions as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain, which generates most of the body's energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through the process of oxidative phosphorylation

Cofactor[edit | edit source]

FAD is a versatile cofactor and is essential for many enzymatic reactions, such as fatty acid oxidation, amino acid catabolism, glucose metabolism and detoxification of drugs and xenobiotics. FADH2, which is produced by the flavoproteins, is a crucial component of the electron transport chain, transferring electrons to the next electron carrier, ubiquinone, and ultimately leading to the production of ATP.

Additional images[edit | edit source]

Riboflavin
FADH₂

External links[edit | edit source]

FAD bound to proteins in the PDB
FAD entry in the NIH Chemical Database

References[edit | edit source]

"Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)" by P.J. Randle, E.M. Newsholme, and J.A. Leech in "Biochemistry"
"Flavin-containing enzymes" by R.F. Dutton, G.R. Fink in "Annual Review of Biochemistry"
"Flavin-dependent enzymes in metabolism and signal transduction" by J.F. Cammack in "Nature Chemical Biology"

Flavin-adenine dinucleotide phosphate Resources
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