Focal seizures
Focal seizures are a type of seizure that originates in just one part of the brain. They are also known as partial seizures. Focal seizures can be further classified into two types: focal aware seizures (previously known as simple partial seizures) and focal impaired awareness seizures (previously known as complex partial seizures).
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of focal seizures can vary greatly depending on the area of the brain where the seizure originates. Some common symptoms include:
- Sudden changes in mood or emotion
- Altered senses, such as smell, taste, hearing, or vision
- Involuntary jerking of a body part, such as an arm or leg
- Dizziness or vertigo
- Numbness or tingling in a part of the body
Causes[edit | edit source]
Focal seizures can be caused by a variety of conditions that affect the brain, including:
- Epilepsy
- Brain injury or trauma
- Stroke
- Brain tumor
- Infections of the brain, such as meningitis or encephalitis
- Certain genetic disorders
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of focal seizures typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as various tests to assess brain function. These may include:
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Computed tomography (CT) scan
- Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment of focal seizures primarily involves medication to control the seizures. In some cases, surgery may be considered if medication is not effective. Other treatments may include:
- Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)
- Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)
- Responsive neurostimulation (RNS)
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
- Dietary therapy, such as the ketogenic diet
See also[edit | edit source]
Focal seizures Resources | ||
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