Lactic Acid

Lactic Acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)COOH. In its solid state, it is white and water-soluble. In its liquid state, it is colorless. It is produced both naturally and synthetically. With a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, lactic acid is classified as an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes.

Production[edit | edit source]

Lactic acid is produced naturally in the body, particularly within the muscle tissue and red blood cells. It is produced during normal metabolism and exercise. Industrially, lactic acid fermentation is performed by lactic acid bacteria, which convert simple carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or galactose to lactic acid. These bacteria can also grow in the mouth; the acid they produce is responsible for the tooth decay known as caries.

Uses[edit | edit source]

In medicine, lactic acid is used in various pharmaceutical products, such as topical exfoliants, for treatment of skin diseases and disorders. It is also used in food processing as an acidity regulator and as a pickling agent.

Health effects[edit | edit source]

In the human body, lactic acid can build up in the blood faster than it can be removed, which can lead to a condition called lactic acidosis. This condition can be caused by various factors, including severe infections, heart failure, respiratory failure, severe anemia, and certain medications.

See also[edit | edit source]

Lactic Acid Resources
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