Microparticles

Microparticles are a type of extracellular vesicle that are released from cells during cell activation or apoptosis. They are typically 0.1-1.0 micrometers in diameter and contain a variety of biological materials, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Microparticles have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, including coagulation, inflammation, and cell signaling.

Formation

Microparticles are formed when the cell membrane undergoes a process called blebbing. This occurs when the cell is activated or undergoing apoptosis. The blebs that form on the cell membrane then pinch off to become microparticles.

Composition

The composition of microparticles can vary depending on the type of cell they are derived from. However, they generally contain a variety of biological materials, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Some microparticles also contain cytosolic components, such as mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum.

Function

Microparticles have been implicated in a variety of biological processes. They can act as carriers for proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, allowing these materials to be transported to other cells. This can play a role in cell signaling and other intercellular communication processes. Microparticles have also been shown to play a role in coagulation and inflammation.

Clinical significance

Due to their role in various biological processes, microparticles have been implicated in a number of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. They have also been proposed as potential biomarkers for these and other conditions.

See also

• Extracellular vesicle
• Cell signaling
• Apoptosis

Microparticles Resources
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