Oropharyngeal dysphagia

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Oropharyngeal dysphagia
File:Tractus intestinalis esophagus.svg
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Difficulty swallowing, coughing or choking when eating or drinking, sensation of food being stuck in the throat
Complications	Aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration
Onset	Can occur at any age, more common in older adults
Duration	Can be chronic or acute
Types	N/A
Causes	Neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease), muscular disorders, structural abnormalities
Risks	Age, neurological conditions, head and neck surgery
Diagnosis	Barium swallow, endoscopy, manometry, videofluoroscopic swallow study
Differential diagnosis	Esophageal dysphagia, globus pharyngeus, gastroesophageal reflux disease
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Swallowing therapy, dietary changes, surgical interventions
Medication	Proton pump inhibitors, muscle relaxants
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common in older adults
Deaths	Can lead to complications that are life-threatening

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a medical condition characterized by difficulty in swallowing. It is a type of dysphagia that originates from problems in the pharynx and oropharynx, which are parts of the body involved in the swallowing process.

Causes

Oropharyngeal dysphagia can be caused by a variety of factors. These include neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, as well as muscular conditions like myasthenia gravis and muscular dystrophy. Other potential causes include structural abnormalities in the throat or esophagus, and certain types of cancer, such as esophageal cancer and throat cancer.

Symptoms

The main symptom of oropharyngeal dysphagia is difficulty swallowing, which can manifest as a feeling of food stuck in the throat or chest, pain while swallowing, and choking or coughing during meals. Other symptoms can include unintentional weight loss, recurrent pneumonia, and changes in voice or speech.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as specific tests to evaluate the swallowing process. These tests can include a barium swallow study, endoscopy, and manometry.

Treatment

Treatment for oropharyngeal dysphagia depends on the underlying cause of the condition. It can involve medication, swallowing therapy with a speech-language pathologist, and in some cases, surgery. Dietary modifications, such as eating softer foods or thickening liquids, can also be helpful.

See also

• Esophageal dysphagia
• Dysphagia
• Swallowing