Tetracaine hydrochloride

Tetracaine Hydrochloride is a type of local anesthetic used in various medical procedures. It is a hydrochloride salt form of tetracaine, a potent, long-acting local anesthetic of the ester group that is primarily used for surface and spinal anesthesia.

History

Tetracaine was first synthesized in Germany in 1928 by chemists Otto Eisleb and Heinrich Hörlein. It was introduced into clinical use by Hospira under the trade name "Pontocaine."

Pharmacology

Tetracaine hydrochloride works by blocking sodium channels on the nerve cells, preventing the propagation of nerve impulses and thus causing numbness in the area where it is applied. It is more potent and has a longer duration of action than other local anesthetics such as lidocaine and procaine.

Medical Uses

Tetracaine hydrochloride is used in various medical procedures including ophthalmic surgery, nasal surgery, and spinal anesthesia. It is also used in some over-the-counter throat lozenges to relieve sore throat pain.

Side Effects

Like all medications, tetracaine hydrochloride can cause side effects. These may include allergic reactions, blurred vision, and dizziness. In rare cases, serious side effects such as seizures and cardiac arrest can occur.

See Also

• Local anesthetic
• Ester (chemistry)
• Sodium channel