Varietal wine

Varietal wine is a type of wine that is primarily made from a single named grape variety, and which typically displays the name of that variety on the wine label. Examples of varietal wines include Chardonnay, Merlot, Pinot noir, and Zinfandel. They are produced all over the world, with certain regions becoming particularly known for specific varieties.

History

The concept of varietal wines has its roots in France, where wines have traditionally been named after the region in which they were produced, such as Bordeaux or Champagne. However, in the mid-20th century, New World producers, particularly those in California, began to label their wines by grape variety, a practice that has since spread globally.

Production

The production of varietal wine involves the careful selection of specific grape varieties that are best suited to the climate and soil of the vineyard. The grapes are then harvested, crushed, and fermented to produce the wine. The winemaking process can vary greatly depending on the specific variety and the desired characteristics of the final product.

Characteristics

The characteristics of a varietal wine are primarily determined by the grape variety from which it is made. For example, Chardonnay wines are often full-bodied with prominent fruit flavors and a creamy texture, while Pinot noir wines are typically lighter in body with delicate flavors of red fruit and earth. However, the characteristics can also be influenced by factors such as the climate and soil in which the grapes are grown, as well as the winemaking techniques used.

Varietal labeling

In many countries, for a wine to be labeled as a varietal, it must contain at least a certain percentage of that variety. In the United States, for example, the requirement is 75%, while in Australia it is 85%. However, these regulations can vary by country and even by region within a country.

See also

• List of grape varieties
• Wine label
• Wine law