Areola mammae

Areola mammae or simply areola is a small circular area on the body with a different histology than the surrounding tissue. The term is most commonly used to denote the pigmented area on the human breast around the nipple (areola mammae) but it can also be used to describe other small circular areas such as the inflamed region surrounding a pimple. The areola is rich in sebaceous glands and is part of the mammary gland.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The areola is a specialized part of the mammary gland that surrounds the nipple. It is circular in shape and varies in size, color, and contour among individuals. The areola contains sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and accessory mammary tissue. The sebaceous glands in the areola secrete a lubricating oil into the nipple to protect it during breastfeeding.

Function[edit | edit source]

The primary function of the areola is to protect the nipple and the mammary gland. The areola's sebaceous glands secrete oils that lubricate and protect the nipple during breastfeeding. The areola also has a role in sexual arousal, as it can become erect and sensitive to touch.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Changes in the areola can be a sign of certain medical conditions. For example, changes in size, shape, color, or texture can be a sign of breast cancer. In addition, some people may develop small bumps on their areolas, known as Montgomery's glands, which are normal but can sometimes become infected.