Bothriochloa pertusa

Starr 031210-0141 Bothriochloa pertusa

Bothriochloa pertusa is a species of grass belonging to the family Poaceae, commonly known as Indian bluegrass, Hurricane grass, or Australian couch. It is native to parts of Africa, Asia, and Australia, but has been introduced to other regions, including the Americas and various islands, where it often becomes an invasive species. Bothriochloa pertusa is adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions, which allows it to thrive in many different habitats.

Description

Bothriochloa pertusa is a perennial grass that can grow up to 1 meter in height. Its stems are erect or ascending, and its leaves are linear, flat, and can reach up to 20 cm in length. The grass produces dense, spike-like panicles that are purplish in color, making it easily identifiable. The flowers of the plant are small and also purplish, blooming from late spring to early autumn.

Habitat and Distribution

Originally from the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Australia, Bothriochloa pertusa has been introduced to many other parts of the world. It is commonly found in open areas, roadsides, pastures, and disturbed lands. The species prefers well-drained soils and can tolerate drought, which contributes to its success as an invasive species in some regions.

Ecological Impact

In areas where Bothriochloa pertusa has been introduced, it can have significant ecological impacts. Its ability to quickly establish and spread can lead to the displacement of native plant species and alter fire regimes. In some ecosystems, it can dominate the understorey vegetation, reducing biodiversity and changing habitat conditions for native fauna.

Uses

Bothriochloa pertusa has several uses, including erosion control due to its fast growth and dense root system. It is also used as forage for livestock, although its nutritional value is considered to be moderate. In some regions, it is planted for ornamental purposes or used in traditional medicine.

Management

Managing Bothriochloa pertusa in areas where it is considered invasive involves a combination of mechanical, chemical, and biological control methods. Regular mowing or grazing can help control its spread, while herbicides can be effective in reducing its density. Biological control efforts are still in the exploratory phase, with no widely adopted solutions currently available.