CD64 (biology)
CD64 is a type of protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGR1A gene. It is also known as Fc-gamma RI and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD64 is a high-affinity Fc receptor and plays a crucial role in the immune system.
Structure[edit]
CD64 is a type of integral membrane glycoprotein that consists of a single polypeptide chain of about 72 kDa. It is composed of three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, a hydrophobic transmembrane region, and a short cytoplasmic tail.
Function[edit]
CD64 plays a vital role in the immune response. It is a receptor for the Fc region of IgG antibodies and can bind to both monomeric and aggregated forms of IgG. This binding triggers a variety of immune functions, including phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.
Clinical significance[edit]
CD64 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages and is upregulated in response to inflammation or infection. It is therefore used as a marker for sepsis and other inflammatory conditions. In addition, CD64 expression is also increased in certain types of cancer, including leukemia and lymphoma, making it a potential target for immunotherapy.
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References[edit]
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