EGFL7

EGFL7 (Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Domain Multiple 7) is a protein encoded by the EGFL7 gene in humans. This protein plays a crucial role in vascular development and angiogenesis, the process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels. EGFL7 is predominantly expressed by endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels, and has been implicated in the regulation of endothelial cell migration and blood vessel formation.

Function

EGFL7 regulates the behavior of endothelial cells during blood vessel formation. It is involved in several key processes such as endothelial cell migration, adhesion, and the organization of cells into tubular structures, which are essential steps in angiogenesis. EGFL7 achieves these functions by interacting with other molecules in the extracellular matrix, modulating the local cellular environment conducive for vascular development.

Gene and Expression

The EGFL7 gene is located on human chromosome 9. The protein encoded by this gene contains multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains, which are known to play significant roles in cell adhesion and migration. EGFL7 expression is highly specific to endothelial cells during embryonic development, but its expression is significantly reduced in adult tissues. However, it can be re-induced in adults under certain conditions such as tumor growth, wound healing, and in response to hypoxia.

Role in Disease

Due to its involvement in angiogenesis, EGFL7 has been studied in the context of cancer and other diseases characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth. In tumors, EGFL7 can promote the formation of new blood vessels, supplying nutrients and oxygen that facilitate tumor growth and metastasis. Consequently, EGFL7 and its signaling pathways are considered potential targets for anti-angiogenic cancer therapies.

Research and Therapeutic Potential

Research on EGFL7 has focused on understanding its role in vascular biology and exploring its potential as a target for therapeutic intervention in diseases involving aberrant angiogenesis. In cancer therapy, inhibiting EGFL7 function is investigated as a strategy to cut off the blood supply to tumors. Additionally, because of its role in vascular repair and regeneration, EGFL7 is also being explored in the context of cardiovascular diseases and wound healing.

See Also

• Angiogenesis
• Endothelial cell
• Extracellular matrix
• Vascular development