Foundling Hospital

Foundling Hospital

The Foundling Hospital was a pioneering institution founded in London in 1739 by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram. It was established as a children's home for the "education and maintenance of exposed and deserted young children," marking a significant step forward in social care for children. The Foundling Hospital is often cited as the United Kingdom's first incorporated charity and represents an important moment in the history of child welfare.

History

The story of the Foundling Hospital begins with Thomas Coram's return to London after a long career at sea. Disturbed by the sight of abandoned children living in the streets of London, Coram was moved to action. Despite facing initial resistance, his persistent campaigning over nearly two decades eventually won the support of influential figures, including the artist William Hogarth and the composer George Frideric Handel. With their help, Coram obtained a royal charter from King George II in 1739, officially establishing the Foundling Hospital.

The institution was initially located in a temporary house in Hatton Garden, but by 1745, it had moved to a purpose-built facility in Bloomsbury, designed by the architect Theodore Jacobsen. The building was both functional and symbolic, embodying the Enlightenment ideals of order and benevolence.

Mission and Operations

The primary mission of the Foundling Hospital was to rescue children who were at risk of abandonment or death. Mothers could bring their infants to the hospital, where they were accepted with no questions asked, a policy that was both revolutionary and controversial at the time. The children were given a basic education, vocational training, and religious instruction, preparing them for a life of service or trade. The hospital also pioneered the practice of child health and welfare, implementing strict hygiene standards and medical care, which significantly reduced infant mortality rates.

Cultural Impact

The Foundling Hospital had a profound cultural impact, particularly in the arts. William Hogarth and other artists donated works to the hospital, helping to establish Britain's first public art gallery within its walls. George Frideric Handel performed annual benefit concerts, including performances of his Messiah, which significantly contributed to the hospital's finances. These cultural associations helped to raise the profile of the institution and highlighted the role of the arts in philanthropy.

Legacy

The original Foundling Hospital building no longer exists, but its legacy continues through the work of the Coram charity, which focuses on child welfare and is considered a direct descendant of the Founding Hospital. The story of the Foundling Hospital and its impact on child welfare practices has been preserved in the Foundling Museum, located near the original site in Bloomsbury. The museum houses a collection of art and artifacts related to the hospital's history, serving as a testament to the institution's significant role in social reform and the care of children.

See Also

• Child welfare
• Philanthropy in the United Kingdom
• History of London