Granulomatous–lymphocytic interstitial lung disease

Granulomatous–lymphocytic interstitial lung disease
Synonyms	GLILD
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Pulmonology, Immunology
Symptoms	Cough, dyspnea, fatigue, weight loss
Complications	Pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory failure
Onset	Variable
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Associated with Common variable immunodeficiency
Risks	Immunodeficiency disorders
Diagnosis	High-resolution computed tomography, lung biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Sarcoidosis, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Variable, depends on response to treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Granulomatous–lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) is a rare lung condition that is often associated with Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). It is characterized by the formation of granulomas and lymphocytic infiltrates in the lungs.

Symptoms

The symptoms of GLILD can vary greatly from person to person. Some people may have no symptoms at all, while others may experience severe and debilitating symptoms. Common symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath
• Cough
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Fever

Causes

The exact cause of GLILD is unknown. However, it is often associated with CVID, a type of primary immunodeficiency that affects the body's ability to produce antibodies. It is thought that the immune system's inability to properly respond to infections may lead to the formation of granulomas and lymphocytic infiltrates in the lungs.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of GLILD can be challenging due to its rarity and the nonspecific nature of its symptoms. It is often diagnosed through a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and lung biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment for GLILD typically involves immunosuppressive therapy to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to the lungs. This may include corticosteroids, rituximab, and azathioprine. In severe cases, lung transplantation may be considered.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with GLILD can vary greatly depending on the severity of the disease and the individual's response to treatment. With appropriate treatment, many individuals can lead a normal life.

See also

• Common variable immunodeficiency
• Granuloma
• Lymphocyte
• Primary immunodeficiency