Healthcare in Indonesia

Healthcare in Indonesia has made significant improvements in recent years. In 2018, the government spent about 3.1% of its gross domestic product on healthcare. As of 2019, there are 2,813 hospitals in the country, with 63.5% of them being privately run. In 2012, there were 2,454 hospitals with a total of 305,242 beds, equating to 0.9 beds per 1,000 inhabitants. Most hospitals are located in urban areas. Indonesia has 0.2 physicians, 1.2 nurses, and midwives per 1,000 people. Out of the 2,454 hospitals, 20 have been accredited by the Joint Commission International. Additionally, there are 9,718 government-financed health community centers called Puskesmas, which provide comprehensive healthcare and vaccination at the sub-district level. The healthcare system is organized into three tiers: Community Health Centers, Health Sub-Centers, and Village-Level Integrated Posts. In terms of universal health coverage, in 2010, an estimated 56% of Indonesians had some form of health insurance, and the rate was expected to reach 100% by 2019. As of 2020, approximately 83% of the population, or 223 million people, were covered by the universal social health insurance scheme. The goal of the scheme is to provide free services for all hospitalizations in basic (class-3) hospital beds.