HolC

PDB 1em8 EBI

HolC

HolC is a protein component of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme in bacteria. It plays a crucial role in the process of DNA replication by assisting in the coordination of leading and lagging strand synthesis. HolC interacts with other subunits of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme to ensure efficient and accurate replication of the bacterial genome.

Structure[edit | edit source]

HolC is a subunit of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, which is composed of multiple subunits that work together to replicate DNA. It is a homodimeric protein, meaning that it consists of two identical subunits. Each subunit of HolC contains specific domains that are involved in its interactions with other components of the holoenzyme.

Function[edit | edit source]

HolC functions as a processivity clamp loader during DNA replication. It helps to load the β-clamp onto the DNA, which is essential for the high processivity of the DNA polymerase III enzyme. By interacting with the β-clamp and other subunits of the holoenzyme, HolC ensures that the DNA polymerase III complex remains stably associated with the DNA template during replication.

Role in DNA Replication[edit | edit source]

During DNA replication, the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme synthesizes new DNA strands using the existing DNA strands as templates. HolC plays a critical role in coordinating the activities of the leading and lagging strand polymerases. It helps to organize the replication machinery and facilitates the simultaneous synthesis of both strands of the DNA molecule.

Interactions[edit | edit source]

HolC interacts with several other subunits of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, including the β-clamp and the DNA polymerase subunits. These interactions are essential for the proper functioning of the replication complex and ensure the accurate replication of the bacterial genome.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Mutations in the gene encoding HolC can lead to defects in DNA replication and genome stability. These mutations can result in various genetic disorders and diseases, highlighting the importance of HolC in maintaining the integrity of the bacterial genome.