Homosexuality and religion

2006 protesters at union square

2010 Pride parade in San Francisco with counter-protestors

World laws pertaining to homosexual relationships and expression

1 Erotic Kama statues of Khajuraho Hindu Temple Kandariya Mahadeva Khajurâho India 2013

Korea Queer Culture Festival 2014 58

Homosexuality and Religion encompasses the varying and complex interactions between religions and homosexuality. Throughout history and across cultures, religious groups have expressed diverse views on homosexuality, ranging from acceptance and inclusion to prohibition and condemnation. This article explores the perspectives of major world religions on homosexuality, highlighting the internal debates, doctrinal stances, and the evolving nature of religious responses to LGBTQ+ individuals and issues.

Overview

Homosexuality refers to sexual attraction, behavior, or orientation towards members of the same sex. Religion, a complex system of beliefs, practices, and moral codes, often addresses human sexuality, including homosexuality. The relationship between homosexuality and religion is multifaceted, influenced by theological interpretations, cultural contexts, and historical changes.

Christianity

Christian views on homosexuality are diverse, reflecting the wide range of interpretations of the Bible and Christian doctrine. Traditional interpretations of biblical passages, such as those in Leviticus and the letters of Paul, have led many Christian denominations to oppose homosexual acts. However, many Christian communities, including some Anglican, Lutheran, and Methodist churches, have become more accepting of homosexuality, supporting same-sex marriage and ordaining openly LGBTQ+ clergy.

Islam

Islamic teachings on homosexuality are primarily based on the Qur'an and the Hadith. The story of Lut (Lot in the Bible) is often cited as condemning homosexual acts. Most Islamic scholars and schools of thought consider homosexual acts to be sinful. However, there are variations in how this is interpreted and enforced across different Muslim communities, with some advocating for harsh penalties and others calling for a more compassionate approach.

Judaism

Judaism's stance on homosexuality varies widely among its different branches. Orthodox Judaism generally prohibits homosexual conduct, basing its stance on passages from the Torah. In contrast, Reform, Reconstructionist, and Conservative Judaism have taken steps towards inclusion, with some communities performing same-sex marriages and ordaining openly gay rabbis.

Hinduism

Hinduism does not have a single doctrinal stance on homosexuality. Its texts, such as the Vedas and the Puranas, do not explicitly address homosexuality. Some Hindu traditions celebrate the diversity of human sexuality, as seen in stories of deities changing gender or engaging in same-sex activities. However, societal attitudes in predominantly Hindu countries can vary, with some conservative views opposing homosexuality.

Buddhism

Buddhist teachings on homosexuality are not uniform, as Buddhism encompasses a wide range of traditions and teachings. The core Buddhist texts do not explicitly discuss homosexuality. The ethical focus is often on the intentions and harmlessness of actions rather than the sexual orientation of the individuals involved. Some Buddhist communities are accepting of homosexuality, while others adhere to traditional views that discourage homosexual acts.

Sikhism

Sikhism, founded on the teachings of the Guru Granth Sahib, does not explicitly mention homosexuality. Sikh philosophy emphasizes equality, love, and compassion for all beings. The Sikh code of conduct does not specifically address sexual orientation, leading to diverse interpretations among Sikhs regarding homosexuality.

Contemporary Issues

The relationship between homosexuality and religion continues to evolve, with ongoing debates within religious communities about acceptance, marriage equality, and the ordination of LGBTQ+ clergy. These discussions are often part of broader dialogues about human rights, social justice, and the interpretation of sacred texts in the modern world.

See Also

• LGBT rights by country or territory
• Religion and sexuality
• History of homosexuality