Hutchinson's pupil

Hutchinson's pupil
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Mydriasis, anisocoria, unilateral pupil dilation
Complications	Brain herniation, increased intracranial pressure
Onset	Acute
Duration
Types	N/A
Causes	Intracranial mass, traumatic brain injury, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma
Risks
Diagnosis	Neurological examination, CT scan, MRI
Differential diagnosis	Adie syndrome, third nerve palsy, Horner's syndrome
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Address underlying cause, surgical intervention
Medication
Prognosis	Depends on underlying cause and timely intervention
Frequency	Rare
Deaths

Hutchinson's pupil is a medical condition characterized by a dilated, non-reactive pupil, often associated with severe head trauma or increased intracranial pressure. It is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, a British surgeon and pathologist.

Causes

Hutchinson's pupil is typically caused by brain injury or brain tumor, which can lead to increased intracranial pressure. This pressure can compress the third cranial nerve, leading to a dilated and non-reactive pupil.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of Hutchinson's pupil is a dilated, non-reactive pupil. This can be accompanied by other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Hutchinson's pupil is primarily clinical, based on the presence of a dilated, non-reactive pupil in a patient with a history of head trauma or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Additional diagnostic tests, such as CT scan or MRI, may be used to identify the underlying cause.

Treatment

Treatment of Hutchinson's pupil is aimed at reducing intracranial pressure and treating the underlying cause. This may involve medications to reduce swelling in the brain, surgery to remove a tumor or relieve pressure, or other treatments as appropriate.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Hutchinson's pupil depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, the condition may resolve with treatment. In others, it may result in permanent vision loss or other complications.

See also

• Pupil
• Intracranial pressure
• Third cranial nerve