Isobutylmethylxanthine

Isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) is a non-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), a group of enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bonds. It is a derivative of xanthine and is often used in research to increase levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissues, thus enhancing the effects of these second messengers.

Chemistry

IBMX is a xanthine derivative, structurally related to caffeine and theophylline. It has a molecular formula of C10H14N4O2 and a molecular weight of 222.24 g/mol. The compound is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water.

Mechanism of Action

IBMX inhibits phosphodiesterases, enzymes that break down the phosphodiester bonds in cyclic nucleotides such as cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. By inhibiting these enzymes, IBMX increases the levels of these second messengers in cells. This can enhance the effects of hormones that act via these second messengers, such as glucagon and adrenaline.

Uses in Research

IBMX is often used in research to study the effects of increased cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels. For example, it is used in studies of signal transduction, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. It is also used in studies of the effects of caffeine and other xanthine derivatives.

Safety

As with all laboratory chemicals, IBMX should be handled with care. It can cause skin and eye irritation, and may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled.

See Also

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
• Cyclic AMP
• Cyclic GMP
• Xanthine

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