KN 62

KN-62 is a synthetic compound that acts as a selective and potent inhibitor of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). It was first synthesized in the late 1980s and has since been widely used in research to study the role of CaMKII in various biological processes.

Structure and Synthesis

KN-62 is a derivative of 1,4-dihydropyridine, a class of compounds known for their ability to block calcium channels. The structure of KN-62 includes a 1,4-dihydropyridine ring, which is thought to contribute to its inhibitory activity. The synthesis of KN-62 involves several steps, including the condensation of 1,4-dihydropyridine with other organic compounds.

Mechanism of Action

KN-62 inhibits CaMKII by binding to the calmodulin-binding domain of the enzyme, preventing the binding of calmodulin and thus the activation of the kinase. This inhibition is selective for CaMKII and does not significantly affect other kinases.

Applications in Research

Due to its potent and selective inhibition of CaMKII, KN-62 has been used in a variety of research contexts. For example, it has been used to study the role of CaMKII in long-term potentiation, a process thought to be involved in learning and memory. It has also been used to investigate the role of CaMKII in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and other cellular processes.

Safety and Toxicity

Like all research chemicals, KN-62 should be handled with care. It is not intended for use in humans or animals, and its safety and toxicity in these contexts have not been thoroughly studied.

See Also

• Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
• 1,4-dihydropyridine
• Calmodulin
• Long-term potentiation

References

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