Koch's triangle

Koch's Triangle is a significant anatomical region located within the heart. It is named after the German physician Robert Koch, who first described it in the late 19th century. This triangular area is of particular interest in the field of cardiology due to its role in the electrical conduction system of the heart.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

Koch's Triangle is defined by three anatomical landmarks within the right atrium of the heart: the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve, the coronary sinus ostium, and the tendon of Todaro. This region is the site of the atrioventricular node (AV node), a critical component of the heart's electrical system.

Diagram of the human heart, with Koch's Triangle highlighted.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

The AV node, located within Koch's Triangle, plays a crucial role in regulating the heart's rhythm. It delays the electrical signal from the atria to the ventricles, ensuring that the heart beats in a coordinated manner. Conditions that affect the AV node, such as heart block or sick sinus syndrome, can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias.

Koch's Triangle is also a key landmark during certain cardiac procedures. For example, during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, understanding the anatomy of Koch's Triangle can help guide the placement of the catheter and reduce the risk of complications.

History[edit | edit source]

Koch's Triangle is named after Robert Koch, a German physician who made significant contributions to the field of cardiology. In addition to describing this anatomical region, Koch is also known for his work on tuberculosis, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905.