Lymph node stromal cell

Anatomy and physiology of animals Lymph node

Lymph node stromal cell

Lymph node stromal cells are a diverse group of non-hematopoietic cells that form the structural framework of the lymph node. These cells play a crucial role in maintaining the architecture of the lymph node and facilitating the interactions between immune cells.

Types of Lymph Node Stromal Cells[edit | edit source]

Lymph node stromal cells can be classified into several types, each with distinct functions and characteristics:

Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs): These cells form a network of fibers that provide structural support and guide the movement of T cells and dendritic cells within the lymph node.
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs): FDCs are found in the B cell follicles and are essential for the formation and maintenance of germinal centers. They present antigens to B cells and support their maturation.
Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs): These cells line the lymphatic vessels within the lymph node and are involved in the transport of lymph and the migration of immune cells.
Blood endothelial cells (BECs): BECs form the blood vessels within the lymph node and are responsible for the exchange of nutrients and waste products.

Functions[edit | edit source]

Lymph node stromal cells perform several critical functions:

Structural support: They provide the physical framework that maintains the organization of the lymph node.
Immune cell interaction: They facilitate the interactions between various immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells, which are essential for the immune response.
Antigen presentation: Some stromal cells, like FDCs, present antigens to B cells, aiding in their activation and maturation.
Homeostasis: They help maintain the homeostasis of the lymph node environment by regulating the movement and localization of immune cells.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Lymph node stromal cells are involved in various pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Understanding their role in these conditions can provide insights into potential therapeutic targets.