Maxillary vein

Maxillary Vein

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The maxillary vein and its tributaries.

The Maxillary vein is a significant blood vessel located in the head and neck region of the human body. It is a part of the venous system and plays a crucial role in draining blood from the face and oral cavity.

Structure

The maxillary vein originates in the pterygoid plexus, a network of small veins located in the infratemporal fossa. It runs posteriorly, receiving blood from various areas of the face and oral cavity, including the middle meningeal vein, deep temporal veins, and pterygoid veins. The maxillary vein then unites with the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein.

Function

The primary function of the maxillary vein is to drain deoxygenated blood from the face and oral cavity, including the maxilla, mandible, teeth, and paranasal sinuses. It also serves as a pathway for blood returning from the cranial cavity.

Clinical significance

Due to its location and the areas it drains, the maxillary vein can be affected by various medical conditions, including facial trauma, oral cancer, and sinusitis. Understanding the anatomy and function of the maxillary vein is crucial for medical professionals in diagnosing and treating these conditions.

See also

• Veins of the head and neck
• Venous system
• Pterygoid plexus

References

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