Microcin
Microcin is a type of bacteriocin, a proteinaceous or peptidic toxin produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). Microcins are produced by and active against Gram-negative bacteria. They are smaller than other bacteriocins, with a molecular weight less than 10 kDa.
Classification[edit | edit source]
Microcins are classified into two classes based on their molecular weight and post-translational modifications. Class I microcins are less than 5 kDa and undergo extensive post-translational modifications, while Class II microcins are 5-10 kDa and undergo limited post-translational modifications.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Microcins exert their antibacterial activity by different mechanisms, including DNA gyrase inhibition, pore formation, and RNase activity. For instance, microcin B17 inhibits DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, which is essential for DNA replication and transcription in bacteria.
Biosynthesis[edit | edit source]
The biosynthesis of microcins involves a nonribosomal peptide synthetase system. The genes responsible for the production, secretion, and immunity of microcins are usually organized in an operon.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Due to their potent antibacterial activity, microcins have potential applications in agriculture and medicine, particularly in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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