Monoarthritis
Monoarthritis is a type of arthritis that affects only one joint in the body. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including infection, trauma, or degenerative diseases. Monoarthritis can be acute or chronic, and the symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Monoarthritis can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Infection: Bacteria, viruses, or fungi can infect a joint, leading to inflammation and pain.
- Trauma: An injury to a joint can cause monoarthritis. This can include a fracture, dislocation, or sprain.
- Degenerative diseases: Conditions such as osteoarthritis can cause monoarthritis. In these cases, the cartilage in the joint gradually wears away, leading to pain and stiffness.
- Inflammatory diseases: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout can cause monoarthritis. These conditions cause the body's immune system to attack the joints, leading to inflammation and pain.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of monoarthritis can vary depending on the underlying cause, but may include:
- Pain: This is often the first symptom of monoarthritis. The pain may be constant or intermittent, and it may be worse with movement.
- Swelling: The affected joint may become swollen and tender to the touch.
- Stiffness: The joint may feel stiff, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
- Redness: The skin over the affected joint may become red and warm to the touch.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of monoarthritis typically involves a physical examination and medical history. The doctor may also order tests such as:
- Blood tests: These can help identify signs of infection or inflammation.
- Imaging tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans can help identify damage to the joint.
- Joint fluid analysis: This involves taking a sample of fluid from the affected joint to look for signs of infection or inflammation.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for monoarthritis depends on the underlying cause. It may include:
- Medication: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, or antibiotics may be used to reduce inflammation and pain.
- Physical therapy: Exercises can help improve joint flexibility and strength.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair or replace the affected joint.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD