Palpebral gland

Palpebral Gland

The Palpebral Gland or Meibomian Gland is a type of exocrine gland found in the eyelid. It is named after the German doctor Heinrich Meibom, who first described it in detail in the 17th century. The primary function of the palpebral gland is to secrete a type of oil known as meibum, which prevents the tear film from evaporating and keeps the eye moist.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The palpebral gland is located within the tarsal plate of the eyelid. Each human eyelid contains approximately 20-30 of these glands, arranged vertically. The glands are tubular in structure, with the ducts opening at the edge of the eyelid, near the base of the eyelashes.

Function[edit | edit source]

The palpebral gland secretes meibum, an oily substance that forms the outermost layer of the tear film. This layer prevents the evaporation of the watery layer beneath it, thus maintaining the moisture and health of the eye surface. The meibum also prevents the eyelids from sticking together during blinking or sleep.

Disorders[edit | edit source]

Disorders of the palpebral gland can lead to a variety of eye conditions. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is a common condition where the glands do not secrete enough meibum, leading to dry eye symptoms. Blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelids, can also be caused by dysfunction of the palpebral glands. In severe cases, a blocked gland can lead to a chalazion, a lump in the eyelid.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for disorders of the palpebral gland typically involves managing the symptoms and addressing the underlying cause. This can include warm compresses, eyelid massages, and in some cases, medications or surgery.