Phytophthora hibernalis

Phytophthora hibernalis is a species of oomycete that belongs to the Phytophthora genus. It is a plant pathogen that primarily affects citrus trees, causing a disease known as citrus brown rot.

Taxonomy

Phytophthora hibernalis is a member of the Peronosporaceae family, within the order Peronosporales. The genus Phytophthora, to which it belongs, is composed of plant pathogens that are often referred to as water molds due to their requirement for water to complete their life cycle.

Distribution and Habitat

Phytophthora hibernalis is found worldwide, particularly in regions where citrus crops are grown. This includes parts of the United States, such as Florida and California, as well as other countries like Spain, Italy, and Australia. The pathogen thrives in moist, warm conditions, which are often found in citrus groves.

Pathology

Phytophthora hibernalis causes citrus brown rot, a disease that affects the fruit of citrus trees. The pathogen enters the fruit through wounds or natural openings, causing the fruit to rot from the inside out. Infected fruit often display a brown discoloration and a water-soaked appearance. The disease can cause significant yield losses in citrus crops.

Management

Management of Phytophthora hibernalis involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical control. Cultural practices include proper irrigation management to avoid creating conditions that favor the pathogen, and pruning to remove infected fruit and prevent the spread of the disease. Chemical control often involves the use of fungicides that are effective against oomycetes.

See Also

• Phytophthora citrophthora
• Phytophthora nicotianae
• Citrus production