Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADCYAP1 gene. It is a member of the secretin family of hormones and plays a critical role in the functioning of the central nervous system and the endocrine system.

Function

PACAP is a potent activator of adenylate cyclase, an enzyme involved in the production of cyclic AMP, a key messenger molecule in cells. It is involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes, including neurotransmission, cell proliferation, and hormone secretion.

Structure

PACAP is a 38-amino acid peptide that shares significant structural similarities with other members of the secretin family, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).

Clinical significance

Alterations in PACAP function have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including migraine, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia. It is also being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for these and other conditions.

See also

• Adenylate cyclase
• Secretin family
• Neurotransmission
• Hormone secretion