Spondylolysis
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| Spondylolysis | |
|---|---|
| File:Spondylolysis.jpg | |
| Synonyms | Pars defect |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Lower back pain, muscle spasms, stiffness |
| Complications | Spondylolisthesis, chronic pain |
| Onset | Often during adolescence |
| Duration | Can be chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Repetitive stress, genetic predisposition |
| Risks | Athletics, gymnastics, weightlifting |
| Diagnosis | X-ray, CT scan, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Herniated disc, muscle strain, facet joint syndrome |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Physical therapy, rest, bracing, surgery |
| Medication | NSAIDs, pain relievers |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common in adolescents and young adults |
| Deaths | N/A |
Spondylolysis is a defect or stress fracture in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch. The vast majority of cases occur in the lower lumbar vertebrae (L5), but spondylolysis may also occur in the cervical vertebrae.
Signs and Symptoms[edit]
Patients with spondylolysis are often asymptomatic. However, symptoms can include lower back pain exacerbated by exercise or heavy lifting. If spondylolisthesis is present, radicular pain can occur due to nerve root compression.
Causes[edit]
Spondylolysis is typically caused by a stress fracture of the bone, and is especially common in adolescents who over-train in activities such as gymnastics, weightlifting and football. It can also occur from traumatic injury.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of spondylolysis begins with a physical examination and medical history. Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment options for spondylolysis include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and in some cases, surgery. The goal of treatment is to reduce pain and improve function.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
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