Ulex europaeus

Ulex europaeus, commonly known as Gorse, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to parts of western Europe. This evergreen shrub is known for its vibrant yellow flowers and spiny leaves, which have adapted to prevent grazing by herbivores.

Description[edit | edit source]

Ulex europaeus grows to 2–3 metres (7–10 ft) tall. The young stems are green, with the shoots and leaves modified into green spines, 1–3 centimetres (0.39–1.18 in) long. The flowers are yellow, 1–2 centimetres (0.39–0.79 in) long, with the pea-flower structure typical of the Fabaceae; they are produced throughout the year, peaking in early spring.

Distribution and habitat[edit | edit source]

Ulex europaeus is native to the Atlantic regions of Europe. This includes the British Isles, France and the Iberian Peninsula. It has also been introduced to other areas of Europe, as well as to the Americas, New Zealand and Australia, where it can be an invasive species.

Ecology[edit | edit source]

Ulex europaeus provides food and habitat for a number of insects, including the Gorse Shield Bug and several species of Lepidoptera, such as the Silver-studded Blue butterfly. It is also a preferred food plant of the European Rabbit.

Uses[edit | edit source]

Historically, Ulex europaeus has been used for a variety of purposes, including as a fuel for bread ovens and as a source of yellow dye. It has also been used in traditional medicine, particularly in the treatment of kidney diseases.

Cultivation[edit | edit source]

Ulex europaeus is a popular ornamental plant in gardens, particularly in seaside areas where it is valued for its resistance to salt spray. It requires full sun and well-drained soil.