Ultras

Football ultras

Ultras are a type of sports fan renowned for their passionate and vocal support of their team. The term is most commonly associated with association football (soccer) fans, but it can also apply to supporters of other sports. Ultras groups are known for their elaborate displays, including choreography, tifos, and the use of pyrotechnics.

History[edit | edit source]

The origins of ultras can be traced back to the 1950s and 1960s in Italy, where the first organized groups of passionate football supporters began to form. These groups were characterized by their intense loyalty to their team, often traveling long distances to attend away matches and creating a vibrant atmosphere at home games.

Characteristics[edit | edit source]

Ultras groups are typically organized and have a hierarchical structure. They often have a leader or a group of leaders who coordinate activities and ensure that the group's displays are executed effectively. Common characteristics of ultras include:

**Choreography**: Coordinated visual displays involving flags, banners, and sometimes large sheets of fabric that cover entire sections of the stadium.
**Tifo**: Large, colorful displays created by fans, often depicting the team's logo, a significant event, or a message to the team or opposing fans.
**Pyrotechnics**: The use of flares, smoke bombs, and fireworks to create a visually striking atmosphere.
**Chants and Songs**: Ultras groups are known for their loud and continuous singing and chanting throughout the match, often with songs that are unique to their group or team.

Controversies[edit | edit source]

While ultras are celebrated for their passionate support, they have also been associated with negative behaviors, including hooliganism, violence, and racism. Some ultras groups have been involved in clashes with rival fans, police, and even players. These incidents have led to increased scrutiny and regulation by football authorities and law enforcement.