KAT8

KAT8 Regulatory NSL Complex Subunit 1 (KAT8), also known as MYST Histone Acetyltransferase 1 (MYST1) or MOZ, YBF2/SAS3, SAS2, and TIP60 protein 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KAT8 gene. KAT8 is a member of the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression through modification of chromatin structure. This protein is involved in the acetylation of histone H4, a process essential for chromatin remodeling and transcriptional activation.

Function[edit | edit source]

KAT8 is a core component of the non-specific lethal (NSL) complex, which is known to acetylate the lysine 16 on histone H4 (H4K16ac), a key epigenetic marker associated with DNA repair, replication, and transcriptional activation. The acetylation of H4K16 plays a significant role in the decondensation of chromatin structure, facilitating access for transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. KAT8 also targets other non-histone proteins for acetylation, indicating its diverse roles in cellular processes beyond transcriptional regulation.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Mutations and dysregulation of KAT8 have been implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. The alteration in histone acetylation patterns due to aberrant KAT8 activity can lead to changes in gene expression profiles, contributing to tumorigenesis and progression. Furthermore, KAT8 is involved in DNA damage response and repair mechanisms, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. Research is ongoing to explore the therapeutic implications of modulating KAT8 activity in cancer and other diseases.

Interactions[edit | edit source]

KAT8 interacts with several proteins within the NSL complex, including KANSL1, KANSL2, and KANSL3, which are essential for its HAT activity and proper localization to target genes. It also interacts with other histone modifiers and transcription factors, highlighting its integration into a complex network of regulatory pathways that govern gene expression and cellular function.