Terengganu

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Terengganu, officially known as the Sultanate of Terengganu, is one of the 13 states that constitute Malaysia. It is situated on the eastern coast of the Malay Peninsula, bordered by the South China Sea to the east, Kelantan to the north, Pahang to the south and west, and a small part of Perak to the southwest. Terengganu is known for its pristine beaches, tropical rainforests, and rich Malay culture, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking natural beauty and cultural experiences.

History

The history of Terengganu dates back to the 3rd century, where it was known as a part of the Srivijaya maritime empire. By the 17th century, Terengganu emerged as an independent sultanate, with Islam playing a significant role in shaping its culture and governance. The state came under British colonial influence in the late 19th century, becoming a British protectorate until Malaysia's independence in 1957.

Geography

Terengganu spans an area of approximately 13,000 square kilometers, featuring a coastline that stretches over 225 kilometers along the South China Sea. The state's topography is characterized by a mix of coastal plains and hilly to mountainous terrain inland, with the Titiwangsa Mountains running along its western border. Terengganu's climate is tropical, with a monsoon season that typically occurs between November and February.

Economy

The economy of Terengganu has traditionally been based on fishing and agriculture, with rice, coconuts, and rubber being the primary crops. In recent decades, the discovery of significant oil and natural gas reserves off its coast has transformed the state's economy, making the petroleum industry a major contributor to its economic growth. Tourism also plays a significant role in Terengganu's economy, with attractions such as Redang Island, Perhentian Islands, and the Kenyir Lake drawing both domestic and international visitors.

Culture

Terengganu's culture is deeply rooted in Malay traditions, with Islam being a major influence. The state is renowned for its craftsmanship in batik and songket weaving, traditional boat making, and the production of keris, a traditional Malay dagger. Terengganu also has a rich culinary tradition, with seafood being a staple in its cuisine. The state's cultural calendar is marked by various Islamic and Malay festivals, with the Monsoon Cup sailing race being one of the modern highlights.

Education

Terengganu is home to several institutions of higher learning, including Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) and Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), which contribute to the state's educational landscape. These institutions offer a wide range of programs and research opportunities, particularly in marine sciences and Islamic studies.

Transportation

The state's transportation infrastructure includes the Sultan Mahmud Airport, which connects Terengganu with Malaysia's major cities and selected international destinations. Terengganu is also served by a network of roads and highways, making road travel a common means of transportation within the state. The East Coast Rail Link (ECRL), once completed, is expected to further enhance Terengganu's connectivity with other parts of Malaysia.

Governance

Terengganu is a constitutional monarchy, with the Sultan serving as the ceremonial head of state. The state government is led by a Menteri Besar, who heads the executive branch, while the legislative branch is represented by the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly. The state's administration is divided into districts, each overseen by a district officer.