Tooth agenesis

Tooth Agenesis

Tooth agenesis is a dental condition characterized by the developmental absence of one or more teeth excluding the third molars. It is one of the most common dental anomalies and can significantly impact an individual's oral health and appearance.

Etiology

The etiology of tooth agenesis is multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. Several genes, including PAX9, MSX1, and AXIN2, have been associated with tooth agenesis. Environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to drugs, radiation, or infections may also contribute to the condition.

Classification

Tooth agenesis can be classified into two types: Hypodontia and Oligodontia. Hypodontia refers to the absence of one to six teeth, while Oligodontia is the absence of more than six teeth, excluding the third molars.

Clinical Features

The clinical features of tooth agenesis vary depending on the number and location of the missing teeth. Common features include spacing between teeth, retained deciduous teeth, and malocclusion. In severe cases, tooth agenesis can lead to difficulties in speech and mastication.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of tooth agenesis is typically made through dental examinations and radiographic imaging. Genetic testing may be performed in cases where a hereditary component is suspected.

Treatment

Treatment for tooth agenesis is aimed at improving the functional and aesthetic outcomes for the patient. This may involve orthodontic treatment, dental implants, or prosthetic replacements.

See Also

• Dental Anomalies
• Dental Genetics
• Dental Radiography

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