Β-Carotene

Β-Carotene

Β-Carotene is a terpenoid, specifically a carotenoid, which is a class of phytochemicals found in certain plants. It is a pro-vitamin of vitamin A, meaning it can be converted into active vitamin A in the body. Β-Carotene is responsible for the orange color found in many fruits and vegetables, such as carrots and sweet potatoes.

Structure and Properties

Β-Carotene is composed of two identical halves, each containing a retinyl group. The molecule is symmetrical and can be split in the middle to form two molecules of vitamin A. It is a hydrocarbon and is therefore non-polar and insoluble in water. It is, however, soluble in organic solvents and fats.

Sources

Β-Carotene is found in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, particularly those that are orange or yellow in color. The highest concentrations are found in carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and kale. It can also be found in lesser amounts in fruits like mangoes and apricots.

Health Effects

Β-Carotene is an antioxidant, meaning it can neutralize harmful free radicals in the body. It is also a precursor to vitamin A, which is essential for healthy vision, immune function, and cell growth. However, excessive consumption of β-carotene can lead to carotenemia, a condition characterized by yellow-orange discoloration of the skin.

Research

Research into the health effects of β-carotene has produced mixed results. Some studies suggest that it may reduce the risk of certain types of cancer and heart disease, while others have found no such benefits. More research is needed to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks of β-carotene.

See Also

• Vitamin A
• Carotenoid
• Antioxidant
• Carotenemia

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