Jens Christian Skou

Jens Christian Skou (8 October 1918 – 28 May 2018) was a Danish biochemist and physiologist who is best known for his discovery of the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, an enzyme that is found in the plasma membrane of animal cells. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997 for this work, sharing the prize with Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker, who were recognized for their research on the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Early Life and Education

Jens Christian Skou was born in Lemvig, Denmark. He initially studied medicine at the University of Copenhagen, earning his medical degree in 1944. After serving as a medical doctor during World War II, Skou became interested in anesthesia and pharmacology, which led him to pursue research in these fields. He received his doctorate in medical science from the University of Aarhus in 1954, where he subsequently spent the majority of his academic career.

Discovery of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase

In 1957, Skou discovered the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, an enzyme that pumps sodium out of cells and potassium into cells, thereby maintaining the essential electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane. This gradient is crucial for various cellular processes, including nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. Skou's discovery was groundbreaking because it provided a molecular explanation for these fundamental physiological processes and opened new avenues for research into cellular function and disease.

Later Career and Legacy

After his seminal discovery, Skou continued to work at the University of Aarhus, where he conducted further research on the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and its role in health and disease. His work has had a profound impact on the fields of biochemistry and physiology, influencing research on a wide range of topics, from neurobiology to cardiology.

Skou received numerous awards and honors throughout his career, in addition to the Nobel Prize. These include the Copley Medal from the Royal Society and membership in several prestigious scientific academies.

Jens Christian Skou passed away on 28 May 2018, leaving behind a legacy that continues to influence the scientific community. His discovery of the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase remains a cornerstone in the understanding of cellular function and has paved the way for the development of new medical treatments and therapies.

See Also

• Biochemistry
• Physiology
• Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• Enzyme
• Cell membrane

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